Die-casting mold is a tool used to produce metal parts. It completes die-casting process on a dedicated die-casting die forging machine. Basic process of die-casting is: molten metal is first cast into mold cavity at a low speed or high speed. Mold has a movable cavity surface, which shapes material when it cools and solidifies.
Composition

 

Working principle of die-casting mold is to fill molten metal into mold cavity under high pressure, crystallize and solidify under high pressure to form a casting. Specific steps are as follows:
Mold closing: Fixed mold and movable mold are closed to form a cavity and a casting system.
Filling: Molten metal enters cavity through pouring system under high pressure, and filling time is extremely short, about 0.01-0.2 seconds.
Solidification: Molten metal cools and solidifies in mold cavity to form a casting.
Mold opening: Movable mold is separated from fixed mold, and casting is pushed out with the help of ejection mechanism.

Die-casting molds are widely used in automotive, aerospace, electronic communications and other industries to produce various precision metal parts. For example:
Automotive industry: production of medium-sized die-casting molds such as automobile brackets, clutches, oil pans, manual transmissions, etc.
Aerospace: production of high-strength and high-precision aviation parts.
Electronic communications: production of mobile phone shells, computer shells and other electronic equipment shells.

Material selection of die-casting molds is crucial, and commonly used materials include:
Hot working die steel: such as H23, 8408, 4SKD11, etc. These materials have high tempering resistance, cold and hot fatigue resistance, are suitable for die-casting of zinc alloys, magnesium alloys and aluminum alloys.
High heat strength hot die steel: such as 4Cr5MoV1Si, suitable for copper alloy die casting, with high thermal strength and high thermal conductivity.
Hardness requirement: The most suitable die hardness for die-casting aluminum and magnesium alloys is 43-48HRC, die hardness for die-casting copper alloys generally does not exceed 44HRC.

Design and manufacturing: Modern die-casting mold design adopts advanced CAD/CAM technology to improve design efficiency and precision. During mold manufacturing process, high-precision CNC processing equipment and advanced heat treatment processes are used to ensure quality and life of mold.
Material innovation: Continuously develop new mold materials, such as high-performance hot-working die steel and new alloy materials to meet requirements of different die-casting processes.
Automation and intelligence: Production process of die-casting molds is becoming more and more automated and intelligent, robots and automated control systems are used to improve production efficiency and product quality.

Die-casting mold is an indispensable and important tool in modern manufacturing industry. Its design and manufacturing level directly affects quality and production efficiency of die-casting parts. With continuous advancement of science and technology, design and manufacturing technology of die-casting molds are also constantly developing. In the future, more attention will be paid to high performance of materials, automation and intelligence of manufacturing to meet growing market demand.