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Common plastic properties

Time：2022-05-18 08:44:19 / Popularity： / Source：

Mastering properties of various plastics is basic skill of making plastics. If you have a solid basic skills, you can do business with ease~
plastic properties 

1. Recommended Table of Plastic Performance Types

Performance Recommendation
High abrasion resistance Nylon
Low cost to quality ratio Urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC
Compressive strength
 		 Polyterephthalamide, glass fiber reinforced phenolic, epoxy, melamine, nylon, glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyester, polyimide
Low cost to volume ratio PE, PP, urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde, PS, PVC
High dielectric constant Phenolic, PVC, fluoroplastic, melamine, allyl plastic, nylon, polyparaben, epoxy
High dielectric strength PVC, fluoroplastics, PP, polyphenylene ether, phenolic, thermoplastic polyester, glass fiber reinforced nylon, polyolefin, PE
High loss factor PVC, fluoroplastics, phenolic, thermoplastic polyester, nylon, epoxy, allyl terephthalate, polyurethane
Good load-bearing and deformation resistance Thermosetting laminate
High elastic modulus  
Low modulus of elasticity PE, PC, fluoroplastics
High resistance PS, fluoroplastics, PP
High elongation at break PE, PP, silicone, ethyl hexene acetate
Low elongation at break PES, glass fiber reinforced PC, glass fiber reinforced PP, thermoplastic polyester, polyetherimide, vinyl ester, polyetheretherketone, epoxy, polyimide
Flexural modulus (rigidity) PPS, epoxy, glass fiber reinforced phenolic, glass fiber reinforced nylon, polyimide, diallyl terephthalate, polyterephthalamide, thermoplastic polyester
Bending yield strength Glass fiber reinforced polyurethane, epoxy, carbon fiber reinforced nylon, glass fiber reinforced PPS, polyterephthalamide, PEEK, carbon fiber reinforced PC, etc.
Low coefficient of friction Fluoroplastics, nylon, polyoxymethylene
High hardness Melamine, glass fiber or cellulose reinforced phenolic, polyimide, epoxy
High impact strength Phenolic, epoxy, PC, ABS
High humidity resistance PE, PP, fluoroplastics, PPS, polyolefin, thermoplastic polyester, polyphenylene ether, PS, PC (glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced PC)
Softening PE, silicone, PVC, thermoplastic elastomer, polyurethane, vinyl acetate
High tensile strength at break Epoxy, glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced nylon, polyurethane, glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyester, polyterephthalamide, PEEK, carbon fiber reinforced PC, PEI, PES
High tensile yield strength Glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced nylon, polyurethane, glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyester, PEEK, PEI, polyterephthalamide, glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced PPS
Low thermal conductivity PP, PVC, ABS, PPO, polybutene, acrylic, PC, thermoplastic polyester, nylon
Low expansion coefficient Carbon fiber or glass fiber reinforced PC, glass fiber reinforced phenolic, carbon fiber or glass fiber reinforced nylon, glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyester, glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced PPS, PEI, PEEK, polyterephthalamide, allyl plastic, melamine
Permanent high transparency Acrylic, PC
Light in mass PP, PE, polybutene, ethyl acetate, ethyl methacrylate
High degree of whiteness retention Melamine, urea formaldehyde

2. Shrinkage rate of commonly used plastics

Name Shrinkage(%) Plastic Shrinkage(%)
High-pressure polyethylene 1.5~3.5 Low pressure polyethylene 1.5~3.0
Polypropylen 1.0~3.0 Glass fiber reinforced polyethylene 0.4~0.8
Rigid PVC 0.2~0.4 Soft PVC 1.5~3.0
General purpose polystyrene 0.2~0.8 Heat-resistant polystyrene 0.2~0.8
Nylon 6 0.7~1. Nylon 66 1.0~2.5
Nylon 610 1.0~2.5 Nylon 1010 0.5~4
30% glass fiber filled nylon 6 0.35~0.45
 		 Polycarbonat 0.5~0.7
Polyoxymethylene 2.0~3.5 Glass fiber reinforced polysulfone 0.4~0.7
Impact ABS plastic 0.5~0.7 Heat-resistant ABS plastic 0.4~0.5
30% glass fiber reinforced ABS plastic 0.1~0.15 Wood flour filled phenolic plastic 0.5~0.9
Asbestos filled phenolic plastic 0.2~0.7 Glass fiber reinforced phenolic plastic 0.05~0.2

3. Plastic density, hue, temperature resistance, etc.

Name Nature Density (g/cm3) Hue Heat resistance temperature (℃) Formability
Polyethylene High density 0.94~0.97 Transparent to opaque, wide coloring range 121 excellent
Low density 0.91~0.93 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 82~100 excellent
Polypropylene Non-filled 0.90~0.091 Transparent to opaque, wide coloring range 121~160 excellent
Impact resistant 0.90~0.91 Transparent to opaque, wide coloring range 93~160 excellent
Vinyl chloride resin
 		 Hard 1.35~1.45
 		 Transparent ~ opaque (suitable) 80% ~ 88% light rate) wide coloring range 66~79
 		 Good~excellent
Soft 1.16~1.35 Transparent to opaque (80%~88% of light suitability), wide coloring range 66~79 good
Polystyrene General use (GP) 1.04~1.09 Transparent (light transmittance 82%~92%) wide coloring range 66~77 excellent
Impact resistant (HI) 0.98~1.10 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 60~79 excellent
AS resin 1.075~1.10 Transparent (light transmittance 80%~88%) wide coloring range 60~96 good
ABS resin Heat-resistant type 1.06~1.08 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 89~110 Good~excellent
General impact resistant type 1.05~1.07 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 71~93 excellent
Acrylic Molded product 1.17~1.20 Transparent (light transmittance above 92%) ~ opaque, wide coloring range 60~93 excellent
Polyamide 20%~40% glass fiber filled 1.17~1.52 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 149~210 excllent
Nylon 6 1.12~1.14 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 79~121
 		 excellent
Polycarbonate No padding 1.2 Translucent ~ opaque, wide coloring range 121 Good~excellent
Polyacetal Homopolymer and copolymer 1.41~1.43 Translucent cream color with wide coloring range 85~104 excellent
Saturated polyester No filler 1.31~1.38 Transparent to opaque, wide coloring range 50~121 excellent
Glass fiber filling 1.48~1.67 Wide range of opaque coloring 121~260 Good~excellent
Fluororesin Polychlorotrifluoroethylene 2.1~2.2 Transparent to translucent, wide coloring range 177~199 OK~good
Vinyl Acetate Copolymer   0.92~0.95 transparent   excellent
Cellulose resin Cellulose acetate 1.22~1.34 Transparent to opaque, wide coloring range 60~104 excellent
Synthetic resin Cellulose Acetate Butyrate 1.15~1.22 Transparent to opaque, wide coloring range 60~104 excellent
Phenolic Resin Wood flour and cotton block filling 1.32~1.45 Opaque, generally black, brown and other dark colors 177~182 excellent
Asbestos filling 1.45~1.9 Opaque, generally black, brown and other dark colors 177~260 good
Urea formaldehyde resin a-cellulose filling 1.47~1.52 Transparent to opaque, wide coloring range, bright colors 77 excellent
Melamine resin a-cellulose filling 1.47~1.52 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 99 excellent
Unsaturated polyester resin Glass fiber filling Pre-forming, cutting off the roving 1.35~2.3 Wide range of opaque coloring 149~177 excellent
Pre-mixed glass fiber 1.8~2.3 Wide range of opaque coloring 149~177 excellent
Weaving 1.50~2.1 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 149~177 good
For hard casting 1.10~1.46 Translucent~opaque, wide coloring range 121 good
Epoxy resin
 		 Glass fiber filling 1.60~2.0 Translucent ~ opaque coloring range limit 149~260 excellent
Silicone Glass fiber filling 1.68~2.0 Wide range of opaque coloring <316 good
Polyurethane Injection liquid carbamate 1.05~2.5 Transparent ~ opaque coloring range limit 88~121 Good~excellent

4. Burning characteristics of plastics

name Difficulty of burning Is it self-extinguishing? flame state odor
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) easy Keep burning Light blue with white top Melting, blistering Strong smell of flowers and fruits, rotten vegetables
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
 		 difficult Extinguish from fire
 		 Yellow, green at the bottom, white smoke so ften Pungent sourness
 
Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) Difficult Extinguish from fire Yellow, green at the end soften Special smell
Polystyrene (PS) easy Keep burning Orange-yellow, dense black smoky carbon beam Soften and foam Special, styrene monomer smell
Styrene Acrylonitrile Copolymer(SAN) easy Keep burning Yellow, thick black smoke Soften, foam, easier to scorch than polystyrene Special, benzene acrylonitrile smell
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) easy Keep burning Yellow, black smoke Soften, burnt Special, styrene monomer smell, rubber smell
Polyethylene (PE) easy Keep burning Yellow at the top, blue at the bottom Melt dripping Smell of burning paraffin
Polypropylene (PP)
 		 easy Keep burning
 		 Yellow at the top, blue at the bottom Melt dripping Oily
Polyamide(Nylon) (PA) Burn slowly Slowly extinguished Blue, yellow at the top Melt dripping, blistering Special, burnt smell of wool and nails
Polyoxymethylene (POM) easy Keep burning Yellow at the top, blue at the bottom Melt dripping Strong irritating smell of formaldehyde, fishy smell
Polycarbonate (PC) Burn slowly Slowly extinguished Yellow, smoky carbon beam Melting and bubbling Special smell, smelly flowers and fruits
Chlorinated Polyether (CPS) difficult Go out Splash, yellow at the top, blue at the bottom, thick black smoke Melting, not growing special
Polyphenylene oxide (PPO) difficult Go out Thick black smoke Melting Flower and fruit smelly
Polysulfone (PSU) difficult Go out Thick black smoke Melting Slightly burning smell of rubber
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) Non-combustible — — — —
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Non-combustible — — — —
Cellulose acetate (CA) easy Keep burning Dark yellow with a small amount of black smoke Melt dripping Acetic
Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) easy Keep burning Dark yellow with a small amount of black smoke Melt dripping Buty sour
Cellulose Acetate Propionate (CAP) easy Keep burning Dark yellow with a small amount of black smoke Melt, drip, burn Propionic taste
Nitrocellulose (CN) easy Keep burning yellow Fast and safe —
Ethyl cellulose (EC) easy Keep burning Yellow, blue at the top Melt dripping Special smell
Polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) easy Keep burning Dark yellow, black smoke soften Acetic
Polyvinyl butyrate (PVB) easy Keep burning Black smoke Melt dripping Special smell
Phenolic resin (PF) difficult Self-extinguishing Yellow sparks Cracking, darkening Strong formaldehyde smell
Phenolic resin (wood flour) Burn slowly Self-extinguishing yellow Swelling, cracking Wood and phenol smell
Acid-formaldehyde resin (cloth) Burn slowly Keep burning Yellow with a small amount of black smoke Swelling, cracking Cloth and phenol smell
Phenolic resin (paper base) Burn slowly Keep burning Yellow, a small amount of black smoke Swelling, cracking Paper and phenol smell
Urea formaldehyde resin (UF) difficult Self-extinguishing Yellow, light blue at the top Swelling, cracking, turning white at burning Special smell, formaldehyde smell
Melamine resin difficult Self-extinguishing Light yellow Swelling, cracking, whitening Special smell, formaldehyde smell
polyester resin easy combustion Yellow, black smoke Slightly swelled, sometimes cracked Styrene smell
Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (VC/VAC) difficult Extinguish from fire Dark yellow soften Special smell
 
Last article：Injection molding machine clamping parameters setting Next article：Plastic traceability of scientific injection 2-Past and present of cellulose

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